How to Model the Effect of Gradient on Bicycle Traffic in Microscopic Traffic Simulation

Microscopic traffic simulation is a useful tool for the planning of motorized traffic, yet bicycle still lacks this type modeling support. Nonetheless, certain microscopic simulators, such as Vissim, model by applying models originally designed car traffic. The gradient path has significant impact on speed cyclists; therefore, should be captured in simulation. We investigate two calibration approaches to reproduce effect cyclists using default driver behavioral Vissim. first approach modify simulated represent different values gradient-acceleration parameter: fixed value that represents decrease maximum acceleration can apply an uphill. second adjust maximum-acceleration function. evaluate both Vissim bidirectional with 3% Stockholm. results show current implementation underestimates speed. Moreover, parameter does not directly reduce all cyclists, but only those riding above conclude higher than default, we accurately estimate observed mean However, neither investigated provides accurate estimates distributions. emphasize need developing more cyclists.